Capture and Trial Despite her successes, Joan’s fortunes changed dramatically in 1430. While attempting to defend the city of Compiègne from Burgundian forces, she was captured and sold to the English. The English viewed Joan not only as a military threat but also as a heretic and witch, dangerous because of her claims of divine guidance. Jo

By the time Joan was around 16, the English and Burgundians had laid siege to Orléans, a strategic city on the Loire River that was critical for the control of France. It was in this context of despair and conflict that Joan felt compelled to act. Her visions instructed her to seek an audience with Charles VII and help lift the siege. Joan’s

Joan of Arc, also known as the Maid of Orléans, is one of the most iconic figures in French history and a symbol of courage, faith, and patriotism. Her story, shrouded in legend and myth, has inspired countless works of literature, art, and popular culture. However, beyond the heroic and romanticized image lies the life of a young peasant girl who

Today, wassailing and wassail punch have experienced a cultural revival, especially in parts of England like Somerset, Herefordshire, and Kent, where apple orchards are still important. Annual wassail ceremonies are held, combining singing, blessings, and the sharing of wassail punch to honor tradition and community. Modern holiday parties and C